Ethics †Argumentative Essay

1. What is an argument in philosophy? A set of claims hotshot of which, called the conclusion, is tell to be supported by the other(a) claims, called the premises. 1. Premise 2. Premise 3. conclusion 2. What do the terms legal and sound mean? Valid lean If the premises are true, then it follows necessarily that the conclusion is true, or it is logically impossible for the conclusion to be false. Sound Argument A valid argument that contains merely true premises. Soundness = Truth + Validity. 3. sight the benefits arguments in favor of harvesting Babys Theresas organs. organise expose the premises and conclusion for Benefits Argument in the Baby Theresa case. The Benefits Argument 1. If we drive out benefit roughlyone without harming anyone else, we ought to do so. 2. Transplanting the organs would benefit the other children without harming Baby Theresa. 3. Therefore, we ought to transplant her organs. The Argument That We should Not Use People As Means 1. If we use fewone only as a means, we do some involvement that is chastely wrong. 2. Taking Theresas organs would be using her only as a meas to benefit other children. 3. There fore, it would be morally wrong to take Theresas organs.4. Sketch the we should not use populate as means argument against harvesting Baby Theresas organs. Set out the premises and conclusion for The Wrongfulness of Killing Argument in the Baby Theresa case. The Argument From the Wrongfulness of Killing 1. If we harvested Theresas organs, then we would be killing one innocent person to save another. 2. We should not kill one innocent person to save another. 3. Therefore, if we should not harvest Theresas organs. Rachels Assessment *The prohibition against killing is strong, but most people do not hypothesise it absolute.Baby Theresa is (1) going to die in brief anyway, (2) not conscious, and (3) her organs could help save several other children. Rachels states that we cogency even regard Baby Theresa as born dead. 5. Sketch the Slippery Slope Argument against killing Tracy Latimer. If one bad thing happens then others will follow after. 1. If we permit any sort of clemency killing, we will have stepped onto a vulnerable slippery slope complicate which we will inevitably slide. 2. The mercy killing of Tracy was permissible. 3. Hence, we have stepped onto a dangerous slippery slope (which will lead to the view that all life history is cheap).Objection Are the causal claims supported by any attest? In general, it is easy to make dire predictions concerning the future. Consider an analogy Would aerial marriage lead to the disintegration of the family? 6. What does Rachelss minimum conception of religion consist of? Morality is, at the very least, the effort to guide ones conduct by reason-while giving equal weight to the interests of separately individual affected by ones decision. Reason and rightfulness consist stuff 7. What are five common features of pagan Relativism? 1. divergent soci eties have different moral codes. 2. (a) The good is determined by clubhouse (b) an act is right if it is allowed by the guiding ideals od the family in which it is performed, and wrong if it forbidden by those ideals. 3. There is no objective exemplification that can be used to judge one societys code as better than an others. 4. The moral code of our society has no special status. 5. We should adopt an attitude to tolerance. 8. What is the Cultural Differences argument for Cultural Relativism? Does Rachels think it is sound? he thinks it is unsound, 9.If Cultural Relativism is true, then some left(p) consequences for ethical theory follow. What are they? 10. Does Rachels hold that there are some moral rules that all societies have in common? 11. What are the ternion traditional divine attributes of monotheism? 12. What is the difference between theism, atheism, and agnosticism? 13. What is the worry of evil? 14. What is the Divine Command theory? 15. What is Socratess questio n in the Euthyphro? How does it bear on the Divine Command Theory? 16. What are some of the main elements of inhering Law Theory? 17.Raise some objections to Natural Law Theory. 18. What is Ethical self-interest and how does it differ from Psychological expedience? 19. jell altruism. Why does the Psychological Egoist hold that altruism is not possible? 20. Some object that Ayn Rands argument for Ethical Egoism presents us with a false dichotomy. Explain. 21. Why doesnt Rachels think Ethical Egoism is a fair reflection of common understanding morality? 22. What is the Principle Equal Treatment? How does it relate to Ethical Egoism? *There will be some extra-credit questions pertaining to material discussed in lecture.